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The American Journal of Sports Medicine 28:282-296 (2000)
© 2000 American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine

High Tibial Osteotomy and Ligament Reconstruction for Varus Angulated Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient Knees

Frank R. Noyes, MD{dagger}, Sue D. Barber-Westin and Timothy E. Hewett, PhD

Cincinnati Sportsmedicine and Orthopaedic Center and the Deaconess Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio

Presented at the 66th annual meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Anaheim, California, February 1999.

{dagger} Address correspondence and reprint requests to Frank R. Noyes, MD, Deaconess Hospital, 311 Straight Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219

In a consecutive series, we treated 41 young patients who had anterior cruciate ligament deficiency, lower limb varus angulation, and varying amounts of posterolateral ligament deficiency. Seventy-three percent of the patients (N = 30) had lost the medial meniscus and 63% (N = 26) had marked articular cartilage damage in the medial compartment. All patients were treated with high tibial osteotomy and, in the majority (N = 34), anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction a mean of 8 months later. Posterolateral reconstructions were also required in 18 knees. A 100% follow-up was obtained at a mean of 4.5 years after osteotomy. Gait analysis testing was done in 17 knees before and after osteotomy. At follow-up, a reduction in pain was found in 71% (29 knees); elimination of giving way, in 85% (35 knees); and resumption of light recreational activities without symptoms, in 66% (27 knees). The patient rating of the knee condition was normal or very good in 37% (15 knees) and good in 34% (14 knees). The mean Cincinnati Knee Rating Score significantly improved from 63 to 82 points. The mean adduction moment, 35% higher than controls preoperatively, significantly decreased to below normal values postoperatively. Correction of varus alignment was maintained in 33 knees (80%). We recommend osteotomy in addition to ligament reconstructive procedures in these knees with complex injury patterns.




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