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Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on the Regeneration of Skeletal Myofibers After Experimental Muscle Injury

Jussi Rantanen, MD^*,,, Ola Thorsson, MD, Per Wollmer, MD, Timo Hurme, MD^||,a and Hannu Kalimo, MD

^* Departments of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
^|| Pediatric Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
^a Paavo Nurmi Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jussi Rantanen, MD, Department of Surgery, Turku University Central Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 2–6, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland

Therapeutic ultrasound is used by many in the treatment of muscle injuries, but no previous attempts to objectively assess its effects on regenerating skeletal myofibers have been published. In this descriptive study, we followed the regeneration of contusion injury to the rat gastrocnemius muscle during treatment with pulsed ultrasound. The speed of myoregeneration in ultrasound-treated animals was compared with that in control animals by immunohistochemical, morphometric, and scintigraphic analyses. Although satellite cell proliferation was enhanced significantly (up to 96%) by the ultrasound treatment during the early stages of regeneration, there was no such effect on myotube production. The period of rapid fibroblast proliferation was extended from 3 to 4 days in the control group to 7 to 10 days in the ultrasound therapy groups, whereas recapillarization was virtually unaffected. We conclude that although treatment with pulsed ultrasound can promote the satellite cell proliferation phase of the myoregeneration, it does not seem to have significant effects on the overall morphological manifestations of muscle regeneration.

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