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Early Active Motion and Weightbearing After Cross-Stitch Achilles Tendon Repair

Mitsuhiro Aoki, MD, PhD, Naoshi Ogiwara, MD, PhD, Takayuki Ohta, MD, PhD and Yuki Nabeta, MD

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan

Presented at the 65th annual meeting of the AAOS, New Orleans, Louisiana, March 1998.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Mitsuhiro Aoki, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543 Japan

Twenty-two closed Achilles tendon ruptures caused by sports injuries in 22 patients (average age, 37.6 years) were repaired with Kirschmayer core suture and cross-stitch epitenon suture, and early active ankle motion with weightbearing was implemented after surgery. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the repair technique and rehabilitation protocol by assessing clinical results and magnetic resonance imaging findings. The follow-up period averaged 24.6 months. Twenty of the tendons (91%) healed without rerupture, and two tendons (9%) suffered a partial rerupture at 23 and 56 days, respectively. Active ankle extension reached from the minus range to 0° in an average of 9.7 days, and ankle motion recovered to normal in an average of 6.0 weeks. Full weightbearing without heel raising became possible in an average of 16.4 days, and heel raising with both legs became possible in an average of 7.3 weeks. The patients returned to full sports activity in 13.1 weeks. The interval until the area of high-intensity signal at the tendon repair site on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans became intermediate-intensity signal averaged 6.9 weeks, and the tendon repair site became low-intensity signal in an average of 12.6 weeks, demonstrating excellent tendon healing. Treatment employing Kirschmayer core suture and cross-stitch epitenon suture may help athletes return to sports activity in a shorter period than that allowed by previous methods of repair for Achilles tendon ruptures.

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