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Static and Dynamic Roentgenographic Analysis of Ankle Stability in Braced and Nonbraced Stable and Functionally Unstable Ankles

Peter H. Vaes, PhD^*,, William Duquet, PhD, Pierre-Paul Casteleyn, MD, Frank Handelberg, MD and Pierre Opdecam, MD, PhD

^* Physical Therapy Department of the Academic Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
Orthopedics-Traumatology Department of the Academic Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
Human Biometry and Biomechanics Department of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Peter H. Vaes, PhD, Academic Hospital Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium

Patients suffering from functional ankle instability were selected based on a structured interview. Talar tilt was measured using supine ankle stress roentgenographs and standing talar tilt was measured using erect ankle stress roentgenographs. A digital roentgenocinematographic analysis of a 50° ankle sprain simulation was performed to measure dynamic talar tilt and inversion distance between two video images (inversion speed). A significant decrease in pathologic supine talar tilt in unstable ankles was found in the braced compared with the nonbraced situation (talar tilt = 13.1° versus 4.8° with brace). The talar tilt with the brace after activity was still significantly lower than the initial value without the brace. The standing talar tilt of unstable ankles was shown to be significantly lower with the orthosis than without (standing talar tilt = 16.6° versus 12.0° with brace). Roentgenocinematographic evaluation of ankle sprain simulation showed that the mean dynamic talar tilt during simulated sprain decreased significantly in the braced ankles compared with the nonbraced ankles (dynamic talar tilt = 9.8° versus 6.4° braced). A significant decrease in the digital measurement of inversion distance (from 110.6 pixels to 92.4 pixels) was observed in the total sample of 39 ankles during the initial high-speed phase of the simulated sprain. The brace significantly slows down the inversion speed.

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